5 Jan 2026

The History of Market Concentration

We have all noticed that the S&P 500 has become unusually concentrated. What is less obvious is how today compares to earlier eras, simply because the data are harder to find. Bloomberg published a helpful chart over the weekend using the UBS Global Investment Returns 2025 Yearbook (Dimson, Marsh, and Staunton of London Business School), extending back to 1900. Because the series is incomplete before 1925, I anchored the analysis… Read More

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3 Nov 2025

What Does It Mean to Eat Our Own Cooking?

We often say that we eat our own cooking, and I think everyone understands what we mean: we personally invest in the same strategies and products that we recommend to our clients. As fiduciaries, we’re already required to put our clients’ interests ahead of our own. Technically, I suppose it’s possible to meet that obligation while investing differently ourselves, but it wouldn’t make much sense. What we’re really saying is… Read More

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22 Sep 2025

We Need New Words for an Age-Old Debate

Perhaps one of the longest-running debates in the investment industry is the so-called “active vs. passive” debate. Most people understand it this way: Will active managers who pick stocks (or bonds) fare better than index funds? The industry of stock-pickers says yes; the index fund companies say no way. The name “passive” is just terrible. It sounds like nobody is doing anything, when in fact index investing is a reflection… Read More

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31 Mar 2025

ETF Hotsauce

I listen to a lot of investment podcasts, and one of the ones I enjoy the most is Trillions, produced by Bloomberg. It stars two journalists, Joel Weber and Eric Balchunas (pronounced bal-chew-ness, as best I can tell), and a few other rotating cast members. I enjoy listening because the hosts are Generation Xers (like myself), who are funny and down to earth. They feel like friends who talk in… Read More

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24 Feb 2025

The Hedge Fund Alternative, Part 2

Last week, I said that I would broadly explain hedge funds, but I was distracted by their high costs. I promise to stay on point today. Hedge funds are pooled investment funds that are less regulated than other types of pooled vehicles like mutual funds and ETFs. They are less regulated because their clients are wealthier, which presumes them to be more sophisticated (I’m not sure that’s true, but that’s… Read More

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17 Feb 2025

The Hedge Fund Alternative, Part 1

Last September, I wrote that I would write about the four big categories of alternative investments, as defined by the CFA Institute: Hedge funds Commodities and Natural Resources Real Estate and Infrastructure Private Equity and Private Credit Well, five months have passed, and I forgot all about it, but two articles I read recently reminded me. In January, the Wall Street Journal reported on a new study that showed that… Read More

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13 Jan 2025

Breaking Down Bonds

We’re only 10 days into the new year, and markets of all stripes are off to a rocky start. I think people intuitively understand that stocks are volatile, and after two years of 20+ percent gains for the S&P 500, a small “give-back” isn’t so hard. Bonds are another story. Most people quickly admit that they don’t understand them very well but know they are supposed to be the “safe”… Read More

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9 Sep 2024

Index Fund Overhaul: Passive Investing vs. Market Concentration

One of my (many) pet peeves is when people offhandedly say, “Just buy an index fund.” I get the point, and I agree with it: Index funds are a great way to invest, much better than the old-school method of active investing. That said, there are thousands of index funds, and the rules that govern the indexes often create very different portfolios with very different performance. The largest tech-sector ETF… Read More

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18 Mar 2024

The Return of Sound Money

There are a handful of annual outlooks that I look forward to each year, and one of them is Vanguard’s Economic and Market Outlook. The report, which you can find here, is thoughtful, thorough, and isn’t trying to sell you anything (which is high praise in this industry). They also have great titles, and this year’s was a standout: A Return to Sound Money. In their opening paragraph, the authors… Read More

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11 Mar 2024

Understanding New Rules: 529 Plan to Roth IRA Conversions

I’ve said for some time that college planning is hard. I discovered this the hard way, through my own situation. Both of my daughters are in college now, and I started 529 accounts for each of them the year they were born. I got a little tax deduction and the benefit of tax-free growth. When my older daughter was a freshman in high school, I realized the problem: even though… Read More

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